Where people in developing countries select aspects of western culture and adapt them to their particular needs – associated with Transformationalism and critical of the pessimist theory that globalisation results in Americanisation. The increasing interconnectedness and inter-dependency of the world’s nations and their people into a single global, economic, political and global system. There are two elements to risk consciousness (it pulls in two directions) – one is that we are more fearful and wish to ‘retreat’ from such problems and the other is that we are increasingly brought together in our attempts to overcome such threats. Where people in different countries are increasingly aware of and affected by international threats such as terrorism, nuclear war and global warming. The making of the physical products tends to be done in poorer countries, whereas the branding and marketing, tend to be done in the richer countries. Where networks of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services becomes increasingly stretched across the globe. (Fatalistic Response to Globalisation) – the view that the world is powerless to resist globalisation.
#Globalization definition sociology free
The global expansion of international capitalism, free markets and the increase in international trade. Where people have increasing choice about whether to stick to traditional ways of life traditions become less stable as people increasingly question their traditional beliefs about religion, marriage, and gender roles and so on. Removing restrictions on businesses, for example reducing health and safety regulations. The emergence of a new cultural form out of two or more existing ones, leaving both forms changed without erasing the old. The movement of ideas, attitudes, meanings, values and cultural products across national borders.
The opposite of cosmopolitanism is fundamentalism. Related concepts include reflexivity and detraditionalisation. Where people or societies are tolerant of other people’s or societies’ ways of life and values this is one of the positive consequences of globalisation as people increasingly come into contact with other ways of life and make an effort to enter into dialogue with diverse cultures and find ways to ‘live together’. A term associated with global pessimism, it isn’t usually regarded as something positive! CommunismĪn economic system in which the means of production are owned in common and wealth distributed according to need. Where American culture and values erodes traditional local cultures gradually replacing them.
Selected definitions of key terms for A-level sociology students studying globalisation and global development.
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